Unfortunately, due to many global changes, problems such as the increase in urbanization are causing the natural environment to become more fragmented and biodiversity is being lost. There is a delicate balance within ecosystems for example seeds plants need to maintain a close symbiotic relationship with predators and pollinators which is difficult in many urban areas due to the limitation and fragmentation of green areas. This results in a change and loss of seed dispersal which interrupts the gene flow. The disappearance of a single plant species can lead to the extinction of the connected animal species.

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